A rumble echoed around the world for nine days. Here's what caused it.

The Tonga volcano eruption was the loudest in modern history

On January 15, 2022, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano in Tonga erupted with such force that it sent shockwaves around the world. The eruption was so powerful that it triggered a tsunami that caused widespread damage in Tonga and other Pacific islands. The eruption also sent a plume of ash and gas into the atmosphere that reached an altitude of over 20 miles. The ash and gas from the eruption spread across the globe, causing colorful sunrises and sunsets around the world. It also created a massive sonic boom that was heard as far away as Alaska and Argentina.

The eruption was caused by a build-up of pressure beneath the volcano

The Tonga volcano is located on a tectonic plate boundary. Oceanic plates are constantly moving beneath continental plates, and when they collide, the oceanic plate is forced to sink beneath the continental plate. This process of subduction creates intense heat and pressure, which can cause magma to form. Over time, the magma can build up and eventually erupt.

In the case of the Tonga volcano, the pressure beneath the volcano had been building up for several months. In December 2021, a series of small earthquakes shook the Tonga region. These earthquakes were a sign that the volcano was becoming active. On January 15, 2022, the pressure beneath the volcano became too great and it erupted with explosive force.

The eruption had a devastating impact on Tonga

The Tonga volcano eruption caused widespread damage in Tonga. The tsunami that followed the eruption destroyed homes and businesses. The ash and gas from the eruption contaminated the air and water. The eruption also caused a loss of power and communications. Tonga is still recovering from the eruption, and it will take time for the country to rebuild.

The Tonga volcano eruption was a reminder of the power of nature. Volcanic eruptions are a natural hazard that can cause widespread damage and loss of life. It is important to be aware of the risks of volcanic eruptions and to be prepared for them.